Xu Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Gate (mén) Kangxi Strokes: 20 Page 1342, Entry 05 Pronounced chan (falling tone). Shuowen Jiezi: To open. Zengyun: To open up or pioneer. History of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu), Biography of Ban Gu: Those who possess clan names are the inheritors of the heavenly mandate, who open and continue. Commentary: Chan means to open. Zengyun: To manifest or clarify. Yupian: To be bright. Book of Changes (Yijing), Xici: The Book of Changes is able to manifest the past and discern the future, making the subtle visible and the obscure clear. Commentary: Chan means to be bright. Book of Documents (Shangshu), Counsels of the Great Yu: Cultivate and propagate the civilizing teachings, performing the dance with shields and feathers between the guest and host steps. Commentary on the Zuo Zhuan (Chunqiu Zuozhuan Duxu): Making the subtle visible and the obscure clear, judging and categorizing the principles, all are based on established norms to propagate the moral intent, using specific actions to rectify praise and blame. Yangzi (Taixuanjing): The sixth line: Where the obscure and profound accumulate, they are made manifest. Commentary: The six is the symbol of water. It bestows fortune and emolument to the lower levels in hidden ways, thus the accumulated fortune is made manifest. Yupian: Great. Commentary on the Feng Hexagram in the Book of Changes (Yijing): Chan is a term for being grand and vast. Whenever something is great, there are two situations: one is natural greatness, the other is made great by human propagation and expansion. Book of Documents (Shangshu), Prince of Jun: In your governance, you should propagate and make great the grand teachings of the Duke of Zhou. Vast. Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Annals of Qin Shi Huang: To open up and annex the world. Commentary on the Shan Liangfu: Shan means the expansion and broadening of territory. Place name. Zuo Zhuan (Zuozhuan), Eighth Year of Duke Ai: In the summer, the people of Qi seized the lands of Huan and Chan. Commentary: Chan was located north of Liu County in Dongping. Geography Records of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu, Junguozhi): In Yizhou, Yuexi Commandery, there is a Chan County. Pronounced chan (rising tone). Lu Yun, Eulogy for Lord Lu: The magnificent light has already shone, the spiritual treasure has not yet been manifest, without considering the great imperial enterprise, he passed away with regret. Pronounced chen (even tone). Lin, Ode to the Tortoise: Searching for the deep and seeking the subtle, there is no depth that cannot be clarified. Below it matches the earth deity Taiqi, and above it aligns with the pure Way of Heaven.