You Collection, Middle Volume Radical: Foot (zú) 躇 Kangxi Strokes: 20 Page 1234, Entry 41 Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) and Rhyme Collection (Yunhui) state the pronunciation is chu. Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun) states the pronunciation is chu. It is the same as the character for hesitation. Extensive Elegantia (Boya) defines it as hesitation or indecision. In the Biography of Lady Li from the History of the Former Han (Qian Han Shu), it is written: lamenting, pacing back and forth in hesitation. The commentary by Shigu says: hesitation means to stop one's feet. In the Nine Arguments (Jiubian) of the Verses of Chu (Chuci), it is written: lingering long in hesitation. The commentary states: hesitation means the appearance of moving forward and backward. Additionally, Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) states the pronunciation is ning. The meaning is the same. Furthermore, Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) and Rhyme Collection (Yunhui) state the pronunciation is ruo. In the Commentary of Gongyang (Gongyang Zhuan) for the seventh year of Duke Xuan, it says: stepping on the stairs and running. The commentary states: the character here means to leap hurriedly and not in the proper order. The Explanation of Texts (Shiwen) notes it is the same as the character for pacing.