Tang Rhymes (Tangyun) and Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun) state it is pronounced fen (falling tone). Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) and Rhyme Collection (Yunhui) state it is pronounced fen (falling tone), with the same pronunciation as the word for anger. Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi) defines it as dust. Another interpretation defines it as a large embankment. It also carries the meaning of stirring or mixing. The History of the Former Han (Hanshu), in the chapter on Economic Biographies, mentions meat jerky for the stomach; the commentary explains this as mixing it with ground pepper and ginger. Additionally, Expanded Rhymes (Guangyun) and Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) state it is pronounced fen (falling tone), with the same pronunciation as the word for divide. The meaning is the same. Also, Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) states it is pronounced fen (falling tone), with the same pronunciation as the word for exert. It is identical to the character for reject.